PART I: THE REST OF AFRICA
Answer two questions from this part.
1. Study table I below showing climate statistics for Harare (Zimbabwe) and Libreville (Gabon) and answer the questions that follow.
Table I: climate for Harare (Zimbabwe) and Libreville (Gabon)
| Station | J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D | |
| Harare | Temperature (0C) | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 18 | 17 | 18 | 20 | 23 | 24 | 24 |
| Rainfall (mm) | 200 | 175 | 100 | 25 | 20 | - | - | - | - | 50 | 100 | 175 | |
| Libreville | Temperature (0C) | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 |
| Rainfall (mm) | 250 | 250 | 325 | 300 | 213 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 100 | 275 | 380 | 200 |
Adapted from Minns, W.J. (1991) A Geography of Africa; Macmillan p.36-37
a) Calculate the:
(i) Annual range of temperature,
(ii) Mean annual rainfall for each station.
b) Describe the characteristics of the climate for:
(i) Harare
(ii) Libreville
c) Outline the factors which have caused the type of climate at
(i) Harare
(ii) Libreville
d) For either Zimbabwe of Gabon, explain the effect of climate on human activities.
2. a) Draw a sketch map of Ghana and on it, mark and name:
(i) towns: Kumasi, Takoradi and Accra,
(ii) any one cocoa growing area,
(iii) any one railway line,
(iv) lake Volta,
(v) the Atlantic ocean
b) Describe the physical conditions which have favored cocoa growing in Ghana
c) Explain the benefits of cocoa growing to Ghana
d) Outline the:
(i) Problems faced by cocoa farmers in Ghana.
(ii) steps being taken to solve the problem in (d)(i) above.
3. Study table II below showing the urban population as a percentage of the total population for selected African countries (1965 and 1995)
Table II: urban population as a % of the total population for selected African countries.
| Country | Percentage in 1965 | Percentage in 1995 |
| Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire) Egypt Ethiopia South Africa Sudan Zambia |
26.1 40.7 7.6 47.3 13.0 23.3 |
29.1 44.8 13.4 50.8 24.6 43.1 |
Adapted from World Resource: (1994-95) a guide to the global environment; people and the environment; oxford p. 286
a) State the country with the:
(i) Highest,
(ii) Lowest change in urban population between 1965 and 1995.
b) Calculate the percentage of the total population living in rural areas in 1995 for:
(i) Egypt ,
(ii) South Africa,
(iii) Zambia
c) (i) Name any one city in each country in (b) above with a population of over 500,000 people.
(ii)Explain the factors which have favored population growth in any one city named in (c) (i) above.
d) Outline the:
(i) Problems faced by people living in large urban centres of Africa,
(ii) Steps being taken to solve the problems in (d) (i) above.
4. Study figure 1: Map of Liberia and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Rubber plantations marked A and B,
(ii) Town marked C,
(iii) Country marked D,
(iv) River marked 1,
(v) Ocean marked 2.
b) Describe the:
(i) Physical,
(ii) Human factors which have favored rubber growing in Liberia.
c) Explain the benefits of rubber growing to Liberia.
d) Outline the:
(i) Problem facing plantation farming in Liberia,
(ii) Steps being taken to solve the problems in (d)(i) above.
5. a) Draw a sketch map of Africa and on it, mark and name:
(i) the Equator,
(ii) tropic of Capricorn
(iii) highlands: Ethiopian and Drakensburg,
(iv) areas covered by:
- savannah grasslands,
- Equatorial forests.
b) Describe the characteristics of equatorial forests.
c) (i) Name any one country in Africa whose economy depends on the exploitation of equatorial forests.
(ii) Explain the factors which have favored the exploitation of forests in the country named in (c)(i) above.
d) Outline the contribution of the forest industry to the people living in the country named in © (i) above.
6. Study figure 2: Map of Algeria below and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Town marked X,
(ii) Oil fields marked 1, 2 and 3,
(iii) Country marked Y,
(iv) Water body marked 4.
b) Explain the conditions which have favored the mining of oil in Algeria,
c) Describe the processes of mining oil in Algeria.
d) Outline the contribution of oil to the economy of Algeria.
e) State any two other minerals mined in Algeria.
PART II:
STUDIES IN DEVELOPMENT
Answer two questions from this part
REGION I: NORTH AMERICA
7. Study figure 3: Map of the southern states of USA and answer the questions that follow
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) States marked A and B,
(ii) Minerals obtained from areas marked 1, 2 and 3,
(iii) Industrial towns marked C and D.
b) (i) State any two industries found in either town marked C or town marked D.
(ii)Describe the factors that favored the development of industries in the town chosen in (b)(i) above.
c) Explain the:
(i) Advantages ,
(ii) Disadvantages of industrial development in the southern states of USA.
8. Study table III below showing the average yield of cereals per hectare in Canada (1986-96) and answer the questions that follow.
Table III: Canada: average yield of cereals (kgs per hectare)
| Year | Average yield (kgs/ha) |
| 1986 - 88 1988 - 90 1990 - 92 1992 - 04 1996 - 96 |
2,238 2,200 2,531 2,566 2,702 |
Adapted from world resources series: (1990-1999) a guide to the global environment oxford, UNDP and the World Bank.
a) Draw a bar graph to show the information given in the table.
b) Describe the:
(i) Trend of the average yield of cereals in Canada between 1986 and 1996,
(ii) Conditions which have influenced the trend in (b)(i) above.
c) Name any two:
(i) Cereals grown in Canada,
(ii) Important cereal growing provinces in Canada.
d) Explain the benefits of cereal production to the people of Canada.
9. a) Draw a sketch map of British Columbia and on it, mark and name:
(i) rivers: Fraser and Skeena,
(ii) rocky and coastal mountains,
(iii) Forestry activity centres: Vancouver, Prince George and Prince Rupert.
b) (i) Name any two tree species found in British Columbia.
(ii) Describe the factors which have favored the development of the forestry industry in British Columbia.
c) Explain the contribution of the forestry industry to the people of British Columbia.
d) Outline the problems faced by the forestry industry in British Columbia.
REGION II: RHINELANDS
10. Study table IV below showing annual cattle population in selected countries of the Rhinelands (1992-94) and answer the questions that follow.
Table IV: annual cattle population in selected countries of the Rhinelands.
| Country | Annual cattle population |
| Belgium Germany The Netherlands switzerland |
3,301,000 16,307,000 4,766,000 1,743,000 |
| Total | 26,117,000 |
Adapted: world resources (1996/97) a guide to the global environment; oxford, UNDP and the World Bank p242.
a) (i) Calculate the percentage of cattle produced by each country between 1992 and 1994.
(ii)Draw a pie chart to show the information contained in the table
b) State the country with the:
(i) Highest,
(ii) Lowest annual cattle population.
c) Describe the conditions which favored cattle rearing in either Switzerland or the Netherlands.
d) Explain the benefits of livestock farming to the country chosen in (c) above.
e) Outline the problems affecting livestock farming in the country chosen in (c) above.
11. a) draw a sketch map of the Rhine basin and on it, mark and name:
(i) rivers: Rhine Neckar and Mosel,
(ii) countries: Luxembourg and Germany,
(iii) Ports: Rotterdam, Mannheim and Basel.
b) Describe the conditions which have favored the development of either port Rotterdam or port Basel.
c) Explain the contribution of the port chosen in (b) above to the development of the Rhine basin.
d) Outline the problems faced by people using the port chosen in (b) above.
12. Study figure 4: map of Belgium showing industrial centres and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Industrial centres marked 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(ii) Mining region marked A,
(iii) River marked B,
(iv) Canal marked C,
(v) Country D.
b) (i) Identify any one industry found in each of the industrial centres named in (a)(i) above.
(ii)Describe the factors which have favored the development of industries in Belgium.
c) Explain the contribution of the industrial sector to Belgium.
d) Outline the steps being taken to improve the industrial sector in Belgium.
REGION III: CHINA
13. Study table V below showing annual iron ore production and consumption in china (1980-1994) and answer the questions that follow.
Table V: china: annual iron ore production and consumption ('000 metric tones)
| Year | Iron-ore production | iron-ore consuption |
| 1980 1985 1990 1994 |
68,072 80,000 168,300 234,660 |
120,394 140,354 193,471 222,771 |
Adapted: world resources series: (1996-97) a guide to the Global environment; oxford UNDP and the World Bank p291.
a) Draw a combined line graph to show annual iron ore production and consumption in china between 1980 and 1994.
b) Describe the:
(i) Trend of production,
(ii) Trend of consumption,
(iii) Relationship between production and consumption of iron ore in china between 1980 and 1994.
c) (i)State any one where iron ore is mined in china.
(ii)Explain the factors which have favored the production of iron ore area stated in © (i) above/
d) Outline the contribution of iron ore to the development of china.
14. a) Draw a sketch map of china and on it, mark and name:
(i) the yellow sea,
(ii) river si-kiang,
(iii) plateau of Tibet,
(iv) shanghai town,
(v) areas with a population density of:
- over 250 people/km2
- 100-250 people/km2
- Below 100 people/km2
b) Describe the factors which have influenced population distribution in china
c) Explain the problems faced by the people living in areas with a population density of:
(i) Over 250 people/km2
(ii) Below 100 people/km2
e) Outline the steps being taken to solve the population problem in china.
15. Study figure 5: Map showing the location of Peking (Beijing) provided below and answer the questions that follow.
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Rivers marked 1 and 2,
(ii) Gulf marked 3,
(iii) Towns marked A and B,
(iv) Railway lines marked C and D.
b) Describe the conditions which led to the growth of Beijing as an urban centre.
c) State the functions of Beijing city.
d) (i) Explain the problems faced by Beijing city.
(ii)Outline the steps being taken to solve the problems in (d) (i) above.