SECTION A

For question in section a, write an essay of between 500 and 800 words.

SUB - SECTION (I)

1. 'For God and my Country.' Comment on this Ugandan national motto in terms of its meaning and implications.

2. How do you account for the movement of people from rural areas to the towns in your country? Is this movement, in your view, one which should be encouraged?

SUB - SECTION (II)

3. Which is the more important, to cure disease or to prevent it?

4. Suggest practicable ways in which the natural resources of Uganda could be used more effectively than they are at present.

SUB - SECTION (II)

5. 'Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man and writing an exact man.' (Francis Bacon, 1561 - 1626). Do you agree?

6. Should efforts be made to preserve traditional forms of dress in Uganda? Give reasons for your answer.

SECTION B

7. Study the following information very carefully, and then answer the questions which follow.

A gang of guerrilla fighters, five in number, went to the bush in Zukaland from January to May. Their identities are unknown and therefore the police refer to them as A, B, C, D and E. they have been active in five towns, Zula, Mako, Tera, Pala and Wuka. Each member of the gang moves from one of these towns to another every month but never spends more than one month in the same town. In any one month, three of the gang appears to remain in hiding; one is believed to observe the habits and movements of the next victim, ant the remaining guerrilla fighter carries out the kidnapping of a victim, using the information gathered by a colleague in the previous month. The police are certain that it is the leader of the gang who carries out the kidnapping. The victims are always high ranking officers in the armed forces or government ministers.

The chief of staff was kidnapped in January in tera. The inspector general of the police force was kidnapped in February; the air force commander in March; the minister of internal affairs in April and the minister of defense in may. Because the guerrilla fighters have never been identified, existing police records are of no help. However, the following information is believed to be accurate.

D was in tera in April.

C was in wuka in January.

A was replaced by C in Tera in March.

E replaced D in Wuka in April.

C replaced E in Pala in April.

E was in Mako in January and was replaced there by C

In January, D was in Zula, where he was replaced by E.

On three occasions, B replaced C.

a) Set our the various items of information available in the form of a table, from which you may easily follow the movements of the guerrilla fighters. There will be a number of spaces in the table which you have to fill in by deduction in order to answer the questions?

b) (i) Which of the five guerrilla fighters is the leader?

(ii) Explain in detail the reasoning which leads to this conclusion.

c) (i) In which town was the minister of internal affairs kidnapped?

(ii) Which guerrilla fighter was responsible for gathering information in preparation for this particular kidnapping?

d) (i) Which three guerrilla fighters were in hiding in February?

(ii) State clearly what the functions of the two guerrilla fighters were in this month.

e) On the assumption that events follow a similar pattern, in which town should security precautions be concentrated in June? Explain your reasons.

8. Read the passage below and then answer the questions which follow, using your own words wherever possible.

It is not difficult to state the principles which cause certain kinds of inequality to be tolerated, however difficult it may be to apply them in practice. Inequality of power is accepted when the power is used for a social purpose approved by the community, when it is not more extensive than that purpose requires, when its exercise is not arbitrary, but governed by settled rules and when the provisions can be revoked, if their terms are exceeded. Inequality of circumstance is regarded as reasonable, in so far as it is the necessary condition of securing the services which the community requires.

No one complains that captain's give orders and that crews obey them, or that engine drivers must work to a timetable laid down by railway managers. For if captains and managers command, they do so by virtue of their office, and it is by virtue of their office that their instructions are obeyed. They are not the masters, but the fellow servants, of those whose work they direct. Their power is not conferred upon them by birth or wealth, but by the position which they occupy in the productive system, and though their subordinates may grumble at its abuses, they do not dispute the need for its existence.

No one thinks it inequitable that, when a reasonable provision has been made for all, exceptional responsibilities should be compensated by exceptional rewards, as a recognition of the service performed and an inducement to perform it. For different kinds of ability need different conditions to evoke them, and the sentiment of justice is satisfied, not by offering to every man identical treatment, but by treating different individuals in the same way, since being human, they have some requirements which are the same and in different ways, since, being concerned with different services, they have other requirements which differ. What is repellent is not that one man should earn more than others, for where community of environment and a common education and habit of life have bred a common tradition of respect and consideration, these financial consideration are forgotten or ignored. It is that some classes might be excluded from the heritage of civilization which others enjoy and that the fact of human fellowship, which is ultimate and profound, might be obscured by economic contrasts which are trivial and surplus resources of society should be so managed and applied that it is a matter of minor significance whether they receive the same income or not.

The phenomenon which provokes exasperation, in short, is not power and inequality, but arbitrary inequality and responsible power; and in this matter the sentiments of individuals correspond, it may be observed, with the needs of society. What a community requires is that its work should be done, and done with the minimum of friction and maximum of co - operation. Different levels of authority and income derived from differences of office and function promote that end. Distinctions based, not on objective facts, but on personal claims - on birth or wealth or social position impede its attainment. They sacrifice practical realities to meaningless conventions. They cause the position of individuals and the relation of classes to reflect the influence not primarily of personal quality and social needs, but of external conditions, which offer special advantages to some and impose undeserved disabilities upon others. (Adapted from R. H.Tawney, Equality)

a) Explain briefly in your own words what is meant by 'though their subordinates may grumble at its abuses, they do not dispute the need for its existence' (line 13 - 14)

b) Explain what is meant by 'inequality of circumstances' (line 5)

c) Give one example of a case where the author thinks that inequality is reasonable and one other where he thinks it is unreasonable.

d) What does the author mean by:

(i) 'A social purpose approved by the community'? (line 3)

(ii) 'They sacrifice practical realities to meaningless conservations'? (line 35)

e) Explain fully the meaning of the following words or phrases as they are used in the passage:

(i) Arbitrary (line 4)

(ii) By virtue of (line 10)

(iii) Inequitable (line 15)

(iv) Inducement (line 17)

(v) Evoke (line 18)

(vi) Repellent (line 21)

(vii) Heritage of civilization (line 24)

(viii) Trivial (line 26)

(ix) Exasperation (line 29)

(x) Undeserved disabilities (line 38).